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Appendices • Abbreviations • Thesaurus • Rhymes • Frequency lists • Phrasebooks Welcome to the English-language Wiktionary, a collaborative project to produce a free-content multilingual dictionary. Designed as the lexical companion to Wikipedia, the encyclopaedia project, Wiktionary has grown beyond a standard dictionary and now includes a thesaurus, a rhyme guide, phrase books, language statistics and extensive appendices. We aim to include not only the definition of a word, but also enough information to really understand it. Thus etymologies, pronunciations, sample quotations, synonyms, antonyms and translations are included. Wiktionary is a wiki, which means that you can edit it, and all the content is dual-licensed under both the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License as well as the GNU Free Documentation License. Before you contribute, you may wish to read through some of our Help pages, and bear in mind that we do things quite differently from other wikis. In particular, we have strict layout conventions and inclusion criteria. Learn how to start a page, how to edit entries, experiment in the sandbox and visit our Community Portal to see how you can participate in the development of Wiktionary. , Word of the day for March 8 superadd v

1. To add on top of a previous addition.

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GNU Hurd (usually referred to as the Hurd) is a free software Unix-like replacement for the Unix kernel, released under the GNU General Public License. It has been under development since 1990 by the GNU Project of the Free Software Foundation. It consists of a set of protocols and server processes (or daemons, in Unix terminology) that run on top of the GNU Mach microkernel; together they are intended to form the kernel of the GNU operating system. The Hurd aims to surpass Unix operating systems in functionality, security, and stability, while remaining largely compatible with them. The GNU Project chose the server-client architecture for their own operating system, instead of the traditional Unix monolithic kernel architecture, as it has many superior features.

HURD is a mutually recursive acronym, standing for HIRD of Unix-replacing daemons, where HIRD stands for HURD of interfaces representing depth. As both hurd and hird are just alternate spellings for the English word herd, the full name GNU Hurd is also a play on the words herd of gnus, reflecting how the kernel works.

• GNU Compiler Collection@ (31)
• Stallman, Richard@ (8)

See also:

• Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Microkernel: Flux-Fluke-Flask (1)
• Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Microkernel: Mach: NeXT (12)
• Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Reflective (0)
• Computers: Software: Operating Systems: Unix: Open Source (4)

• Debian
  debian.org
  Download site for Debian Hurd CDs. Offers software downloads, support, documentation and news.
• GNU Hurd Mailing List
  lists.gnu.org
  Mailing list archives.
• The GNU Hurd
  gnu.org
  The GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux).